English Vocabulary & Grammar

English Master Word List

2011-05-19T01:30:00.000-07:00

1) Abase (V) : Lower, Degrade, Humiliate.
నీచ పరచు, కించ పఱచు, అవమానించు.

Sen: Anna expected to have to curtsy to the king of Siam, when told to cast herself down on the ground before him, however, she refused to abase herself.

2) Abash (V) : Embarrass.
సిగ్గు పుట్టించు.

Sen: He was not all abashed by her open admiration.

Homophone

Embarrass : Embrace

Embrace : Hold closely in one's arms as a sign of affection.

3) Abate : Subside or moderate, Lesson, Diminish, Grow down.
తగ్గించు, తక్కువ చేయు, కొంత వరకు అఱగు, తగ్గిపోవు.

Sen: Rather than leaving immediately they waited for the storm to abate.

4) Abbreviate (V) : Shorten.
సంక్షిప్తము చేయు.

Sen: Because we were running out of time, the lecturer had to abbreviate her speech.

5) Abdicate (V): Renounce, Give-up.
విడచి పెట్టు, తన రాజ్యము ... అధికారము మొదలగు వాటిని విడచి పెట్టు.

Sen: When Edward VII abdicated the British throne, he surprised the entire world.

6) Aberrant (Adj): Abnormal or Deviant.
ధర్మచ్యుతమైన.

Sen: Given the aberrant nature of data, we came to doubt the validity of entire experiment.

7) Aberration (N): Deviation from the expected or the normal, mental irregularity or disorder.
వెఱ్ఱి.

Sen: Survivors of a major catastrophe are likely to exhibit aberrations of behaviour because of the trauma they have experienced.

8) Abet (V): Assist, usually in doing something wrong, Encourage.
దుష్కృత్యమందు సహాయము చేయు, నేరమును ప్రోత్సహించు.

Sen: She was unwilling to bet him in the swindle he had planned.

9) Abeyance (N): Suspected action.
కొంత కాలం వరకు నిలచియుండు, అమలు కాకుండా నిలిపియుండు.

Sen: The deal was held abeyance until her arrival.

10) Abhor (V): Detest, Hate.
అసహ్యించుకొను.

Sen: She abhorred all forms of bigotry.

Bigotry: Stubborn and complete intolerance of any creed, belief, or opinion that differs from one's own.
మతవైరము , మతాగ్రహము , స్వమతవిషయకదురభిమానము .

11) Abject (Adj): Wretched, lacking pride.
నీచమైన, దుర్భరమైన, దీనస్థితిలో ఉన్న.

Sen: On the streets of New-York the homeless live in abject poverty, huddling in doorways to find shelter from the wind.

12) Abjure (V): Renounce upon oath.
నిరాకరించు, ప్రమాణ పూర్వకముగా విడచిపెట్టు.

Sen: He abjured his allegiance to the king.

13) Ablution (N): Washing, Bath.
స్నానము, ముఖము వగైరా కడుగుకోను.

Sen: His daily ablutions were accompanied by loud noises that he humourously labled "open in the bath".

14) Abnigation (N): Renunciation, Self-sacrifice.
తన మాటను తానే కాదను.

Sen: Though Rudolph and Duchess Flavia loved one another, their love was doomed for she had to wed the king, their act of abnegation was necessary to preserve the kingdom.

15) Abolish (V): Cancel, Put an end to.
తీసివేయు, ఎత్తివేయు, రద్దు చేయు.

Sen: The President of the college refused to abolish the physical education requirement.

16) Abominable (Adj): Detestable, Extremely unpleasant, Very bad.
అసహ్యపడు.

Sen: Mary like John until she learned he was also dating Sushan, then she called him an abominable young man, with abominable taste in woman.

17) Abominate (V): Loathe, Hate.
అసహ్యపడు.

Sen: Moses scolded the idol worshipers in the tribe because he abominate the custom.

18) Aboriginal (Adj,N): Being the first of its kind in a region, Primitive, Native.
ఆది యందలి, అతి పురాతనమైన.

Sen: Her studies of the primitive art forms of the aboriginal Indians were widely reported in the scientific journals.

19) Abortive (Adj): Unsuccessful, fruitless.
అకాలముగా పుట్టిన, నిష్ఫలమైన, విఫలమైన.

Sen: Attacked by armed troops, the Chinese students had to abandon their abortive attempt to democratise Beijing peacefully.

20) Abrasive (Adj): Rubbing away,Tending to grind down, Harsh.
అరగదీయు, కఠినమైన.

Sen: Just as abrasive cleaning powders can wear-away a shiny finish, abrasive remarks can wear-away a listener's patience.

21) Abridge (V): Condense or Shorten.
క్లుప్తముచేయు.

Sen: Because the publishers felt the public wanted a shorter version of "War And Peace", they proceeded to abridge the novel.

22) Abrogate (V): Abolish, Repeal.
రద్దుచేయు, కొట్టివేయు.

Sen: The king intended to abrogate the decree issued by his predecessor.

Intend: భావించు.

Predecessor: Formal holder of an office.

23) Abscission (N): Cutting off, Separation.

Sen: When a flower of leaf separates naturally from its parent plant, this process is called abscission.

24) Abscond (V): Depart secretly and hide.
రహస్యముగా పారిపోవు, పరారియైవుండు.

Sen: The teller who absconded with the bonds went uncaptured until someone recognised him from his photograph on America's most wanted.

25) Absolute (Adj): Complete, Totally unlimited, Certain.
ఎట్టి పరిమితి లేని, పరిపూర్ణమైన.

Sen: Although the king of Siam was an absolute monarch, he did not want to behead his unfaithful wife, without absolute evidence of her infidelity.

Behead: శిరచ్చేదము.

Infidelity: నమ్మక ద్రోహం.

26) Absolve (V): Pardon (an offense)
నిరపరాధిగా ప్రకటించు.

Sen: The father confessor absolved him of his sins.

Pardon: క్షమించు,forgive, మర్నించు, క్షమాపణ.

Offense: నేరము.

27) Abstain (V): Refrain, Withhold from participation, Be away from, Keep away from voting.
దూరముగా వుండు, తటస్థముగా వుండు, తొలగి వుండు.

Sen: After considering the effect of alcohol on his athletic performance,, he decided to abstain from drinking while he trained for the race.

28) Abstemious (Adj): Sparing in eating and drinking, Temperate, Moderate, Not self-indulgent especially in eating and drinking.

Sen: Concerned whether her vegetarian son's abstemious diet provided him with sufficient protein, the worried mother pressed food on him.

Indulgent: Lenient, ఇష్ట ప్రకారం చేసేడు.

29) Abstinence (N): Restraint from eating or drinking.
కోరిక అణచుకోవడం.

Sen: The doctor recommended total abstinence from salted food.

Restraint: నిర్బంధము.

30) Abstract (Adj): Theoretical, Non concrete, Non representational, Having no material existence.
రూపం లేని, వెలికి తీయు, సారంశం.

Sen: To him, hunger was an abstract concept; he had never missed a meal.

List Of U.S States With Pronunciations

2010-07-26T14:44:00.000-07:00

Alabama

Alaska

Arizona

Arkansas

Punctuations

2010-02-01T10:00:00.000-08:00

1) . = Full stop or Period.

Usage:

a) To mark at the end of the sentence.

Ex: There are two sides to every question.

b) At the end of an abbreviation.

Ex: Dr.

2) , = Comma

Usage:

a) To separate words in a list.

Ex: We saw monkeys, lions and tigers in the zoo.

b) To show a pause in a sentence or reading.

Ex: Yesterday, as I was jogging, I saw a big snake.

c) Before inverted commas of actual words spoken.

Ex: He told us, "The world is round."

d) To separate the name of the person spoken to.

Ex: "John, let's start work straightaway."

e) To separate parts of an address.

Ex: 99, Downing street, Kingston.

f) To separate relative clause from the rest of the sentence.

Ex: The man, who lives next door, is a doctor.

3) ? = Question mark.

Usage:

Question mark is used at the end of a sentence to show a question.

Ex: "When will the train arrive?"

4) ! = Exclamation Mark.

Usage:

Exclamation mark is used at the end of a sentence to show surprise, excited, or angry.

Ex:

a) We won!

b) Quiet!

5) : = Colon.

Usage: Colon is used to introduce an example, quotation etc.

Ex: Example: This box contains the following items: bandages, plasters, lotion, medicines, and a pair of scissors.

6) ; = Semicolon.

Usage:

Semicolon is used to join two sentences or two complete parts of a sentence which are closely connected in meaning.

Ex: He gives up smoking; obviously, he fears smoking-related disease may strike him.

7) ' = Apostrophe.

Usage:

Advetising

2010-01-12T08:33:00.000-08:00

Ad (N)	Advertisement; A public promotion of some product or service.
Advertisement (N)	A paid announcement, as of goods or services for sale, in newspapers or magazines, on radio or television, etc.
Advertising Agency (N)	An agency that designs advertisement to call public attention to its clients.
AIDA (abbr.)	Attention, Interest, Desire, Action - the objective of all the advertisements.

Parts Of Human Body

2009-12-09T11:24:00.000-08:00

English Word (Singular)	English Word (Plural)	English Meaning	Telugu Word
Head	Heads	The upper part of the body in humans, joined to the trunk by the neck, containing the brain, eyes, ears, nose and mouth.	తల, శిరస్సు
Face [feys]	Faces	The front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear.	ముఖము
Hair	Hairs	A covering for the body (or parts of it) consisting of a dense growth of threadlike structures (as on the human head.	వెంట్రుక, రోమము, వెంట్రుకలు
Forehead	Foreheads	The part of the face above the eyebrows.	నుదురు, లలాటము, ఫాలము
Temple	Temples	The flat area on either side of the forehead.	కణత / కణతలు
Eye	Eyes	The organ of sight.	కన్ను
Eyelid	Eyelids	Either of two folds of skin that can be moved to cover or open the eye.	కనురెప్ప
Eyebrow	Eyebrows	The arch of hair above each eye.	కనుబొమ్మ
Eyelash	Eyelashes	Any of the short curved hairs that grow from the edges of the eyelids	రెప్ప వెంట్రుక
Nose	Noses	The organ of smell and entrance to the respiratory tract; the prominent part of the face of man.	ముక్కు, నాసికము
Nostril	Nostrils	Either of the two external openings of the nose.	ముక్కు రంధ్రము
Mustache	Mustaches	An unshaved growth of hair on the upper lip.	మీసాలు
Lip	Lips	Either of the two fleshy parts or folds forming the margins of the mouth and functioning in speech.	పెదవి, మోవి
Mouth	Mouths	The opening through which an animal or human takes in food.	నోరు
Tooth	Teeth	Hard bonelike structures in the jaws of vertebrates; used for biting and chewing or for attack and defence.	పల్లు, రదనము, దంతము
Wisdom tooth	Wisdom teeth	Any of the last 4 teeth on each side of the upper and lower jaw; the last of the permanent teeth to erupt (between ages 16 and 21).	జ్ఞాన దంతము
Tongue	Tongues	The usually movable organ in the floor of the mouth in humans functioning in eating, in tasting, and in speaking.	నాలుక, జిహ్వ
Uvula	Uvulas/Uvulae	A small pendant fleshy lobe at the back of the soft palate.	కొండనాలుక, చిరునాలుక, ఉపజిహ్వా
Cheek	Cheeks	Either side of the face below the eye and above the jaw.	బుగ్గలు
Ear	Ears	The sense of hearing.	చెవి, కర్ణము
Earlobe	Earlobes	the soft, pendulous lower part of the external ear.
Chin	Chins	The lower extremity of the face, below the mouth.	చబుకము
Beard	Beards	The hair growing on the lower part of a man's face.	గడ్డము
Goatee	Goatees	A man's beard trimmed to a tuft or point on the chin.	పిల్లి గడ్డం
Neck	Necks	The part of an organism (human or animal) that connects the head to the rest of the body.	మెడ, అర్రు
Adam's apple		a projection of the thyroid cartilage at the front of the neck that is more prominent in men than in women.
Collarbone	Collarbones	Bone linking the scapula and sternum.
Chest	Chests	The trunk of the body from the neck to the abdomen.
Tummy /Stomach /Belly	Tummies / Stomachs / Bellies	A saclike enlargement of the alimentary canal, as in humans and certain animals, forming an organ for storing, diluting, and digesting food.	పొట్ట/కడుపు
Navel / Bellybutton	Navels / Bellybuttons	A scar where the umbilical cord was attached.	బొడ్డు, నాభి
Waist	Waists	The narrowing of the body between the ribs and hips.	నడుము
Hip	Hips	Either side of the body below the waist and above the thigh.	తుంటి
Arm	Arms	The upper limb of the human body, esp. the part extending from the shoulder to the wrist.	చెయ్యి
Shoulder	Shoulders	The part of the body between the neck and the upper arm.	భుజము
Armpit	Armpits	The hollow under the arm where it is joined to the shoulder.	చంక
Elbow	Elbows	The joint or bend of the arm between the forearm and the upper arm.	మోచెయ్యి
Wrist	Wrists	The joint or articulation between the forearm and the hand.	మణికట్టు
Palm	Palms	The part of the inner surface of the hand that extends from the wrist to the bases of the fingers.	అరిచెయ్యి
Finger	Fingers	any of the terminal members of the hand, esp. one other than the thumb.	వేళ్ళు
Thumb	Thumbs	The short, thick, inner digit of the human hand, next to the forefinger.	చేతి బొటన వ్రేలు / అంగుష్ఠము
Index finger / Forefinger	Index fingers / Forefingers	The first finger next to the thumb.	చూపుడు వేలు
Middle finger	Middle fingers	the finger between the forefinger and the ring finger.	మధ్య వేలు
Ring finger	Ring fingers	The finger next to the little finger, esp. of the left hand, on which an engagement ring or wedding band is traditionally worn.	ఉంగరం వేలు
Little finger	Little fingers	The finger farthest from the thumb, the smallest of the five fingers.	చితిమిన వేలు
Nail	Nails		గోరు
Fist	Fists	A hand with the fingers clenched in the palm (as for hitting)	పిడికిలి
Knuckle	Knuckles	The rounded prominence of such a joint when the finger is bent.	గెణుపు, వేలిగెణుపు
Butt	Butts	The fleshy part of the human body that you sit on.
Thigh	Thighs	The part of the leg between the hip and the knee.	తొడ
Knee	Knees	The central area of the leg between the thigh and the lower leg which allows you for the movement of the leg.	మోకాలు
Shank	Shanks	The part of the human leg between knee and ankle.
Calf	Calves	The muscular back part of the shank.	పిక్క
Ankle	Ankles	(in humans) the joint between the foot and the leg, in which movement occurs in two planes.	కాలి మడము
Foot	Feet	The part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint	పాదములు
Toe	Toes	The forepart of the foot.	కాలివేలు
Big toe	Big toes	The first largest innermost toe.
Sole	Soles	the bottom or under surface of the foot.	అరికాలు

Related To "Time" - Idioms & Phrases

2009-12-04T10:42:00.000-08:00

Against time: In an effort to finish something within a limited period.

Sen: We worked against time to get out the newspaper.

Ahead of time: Before the time due; early.

Sen: The building was completed ahead of time.

At one time:

a. Once; in former time
Sen: At one time they owned a restaurant.

b. At the same time; at once
Sen: They all tried to talk at one time.

At the same time: Nevertheless; yet

Sen: I'd (would) like to try it, but at the same time I'm a little afraid.

At times: At intervals; Occasionally

Sen: At times the city becomes intolerable.

Behind the times: Old-fashioned; Dated

Sen: These attitudes are behind the times.

For the time being: Temporarily; For the present

Sen: Let's forget it for the time being.

From time to time: On occasion; Occasionally; At intervals

Sen: She comes to see us from time to time.

A Bird In The Hand Is Worth Than Two In The Bush - Saying

2009-12-04T10:22:00.000-08:00

Meaning:

It's better to have one of something for certain than to run after two of the same thing and not be sure of getting them.

Above The Law - Idiom

2009-12-04T10:02:00.000-08:00

Meaning:

If someone is above the law, they are not subject to the law of society.

For Example:

1. Just because his father is rich and powerful man, he seems to think he's above the law and he can do whatever he likes.

2. In a democracy, no-one is above the law - not even a president or prime-minister.

3. James seemed to think he was above the law, so he was shocked when he was arrested for selling drugs.

Previous

Contractions

2009-11-18T12:27:00.001-08:00

We often "contract" or shorten words in English. For example, we may say "he's" instead of "he is". Note that we usually insert an apostrophe (') in place of the missing letter or letters in writing. Here are some example sentences.

I haven't seen him. = I have not seen him.

Who's calling? = Who is calling?

They're coming. = They are coming.

We do this especially when we speak. We do not contract words so much in writing.

Positive Contractions:

Be careful. Some contractions have two or three meanings. For example, he'd can be he had or he would. It depends on the rest of the sentence. Look at these examples:

He'd like to go. = He would like to go.

He'd finished when arrived. = He had finished when arrived.

The contraction's (=is or has) is not used only with pronouns. It can also be used with nouns, names, question words and words like "here" and "there", for example:

The train's late. = The train is late.

John's arrived. = John is arrived.

Where's the phone? = Where is the phone?

Here's your change. = Here is your change.

There's a policeman. = There is a policeman.

Short Form	Long Form
I'm	I am
I've	I have
I'll	I will / I shall
I'd	I had / I would / I should
You're	You are
You've	You have
You'll	You will
You'd	You had / You would
He's	He has / He is
He'll	He will
He'd	He had / He would
She's	She has / She is
She'll	She will
She'd	She had / She would
It's	It has / It is
It'll	It will
We're	We are
We've	We have
We'll	We will
We'd	We had / We would
They're	They are
They've	They have
They'll	They will
They'd	They had / They would

Negative Contractions:

With the verb "to be", two negative forms are possible -

we aren't or we're not etc.

In questions, am not is contracted to aren't, for example:

I'm late, aren't I?

Short Form	Long Form
aren't	are not
can't	cannot, can not
couldn't	could not
daren't	dare not
didn't	did not
doesn't	does not
don't	do not
hasn't	has not
haven't	have not
hadn't	had not
isn't	is not
mayn't	may not
mightn't	might not
mustn't	must not
needn't	need not
oughtn't	ought not
shan't	shall not
shouldn't	should not
wasn't	was not
weren't	were not
won't	will not
wouldn't	would not

Other Contractions:

Here are some more examples showing some very common contractions.

Short Form	Long Form	Example
here's	here is	Here's your meal.
there'll	there will	There'll be nobody tomorrow.
there's	there is	There's a taxi!
that's	that is	That's my car!
that'll	that will	That'll be $10, please.
how's	how is?	How's your wife?
what'll	what will?	What'll people think?
when's	when is?	When's the wedding?
where's	where is?	Where is the cinema?
who's	who is?	Who's your teacher?
what's	what is?	What's the matter?
who'd	who would?	Who'd like ice-cream?
who'll	who will?	Who'll be there?

Informal Contractions:

Informal contractions are short forms of other words that people use when speaking casually. They are not exactly slang, but they are a little like slang.

For example, "gonna" is short form of "going to". If you say "going to" very fast, without carefully pronouncing each word, it can sound like "gonna".

Please remember that these are informal contractions. That means that we do not use them in correct speech, and we almost never use them in writing. (If you see them in writing, for example in a comic strip, that is because the written words represent the spoken words or dialogue.) We normally use them only when speaking fast and casually, for example with friends. Some people never use them even in informal speech.

It is probably true to say that informal contractions are more common in American English.

Also note that, unlike normal contractions, we do not usually use apostrophes (') with informal contractions when written.

On the right are some informal contractions, with example sentences. Note that the example sentences may be a little artificial because when we use a contraction we may also use other contractions in the same sentence, or even drop some words completely. For example:

What are you going to do?

Whatcha going to do?

Whatcha gonna do?

Do you want a beer?

Do you wanna beer?

D'you wanna beer?

D'ya wanna beer?

D'y wanna beer?

Ya wanna beer?

Wanna beer?

Note:

These informal contractions are not "correct" English. Do not use them in a written exam, for example, except in appropriate situations.

ain't = am not / are not / is not

I ain't sure.
You ain't my boss.

ain't = has not / have not

I ain't done it.
She ain't finished yet.

gimme = give me

Gimme your money.
Don't gimme that rubbish.
Can you gimme a hand?

gonna = going to

Nothing's gonna change my love towards you.
I'm not gonna tell you.
What are you gonna do?

gotta = got a

I've gotta gun.
I gotta gun.
She hasn't gotta penny.
Have you gotta car?
I've gotta go now.
We haven't gotta do that.
Have they gotta work?

kinda = kind of

She's kinda cute.

lemme = let me

Lemme go!

wanna = want a

I wanna coffee.

wanna = want to

I wanna go home.

whatcha = what are you

Whatcha going to do?

Whatcha = what have you

Whatcha got there?

ya = you

Who saw ya?

Words Ends With 've'

2009-11-17T12:21:00.000-08:00

Words which end with 've' should be pronounced as 'f'.

For Example:

The word 'five' should be pronounced as 'fife'.

The word 'twelve' should be pronounced as 'twelfe'.

The word 'have' should be pronounced as 'hafe'.

Related To Death

2009-11-17T11:54:00.000-08:00

1) Ancestor (N) (ansestu[r]):

Someone from whom you are descended (but usually more remote than a grandparent). (పూర్వికులు).

2) Cemetery (N):

A tract of land used for burials.
(స్మశానము).

3) Grave (N):

A place for the burial of a corpse (especially beneath the ground and marked by a tombstone).
(సమాధి).

Sen: He put flowers on his mother's grave.

4)

Words Starting With Letter "P"

2009-11-17T11:42:00.000-08:00

When a word starts with the letter "P", it should pronounced stressfully like "Ph". But when the same letter "P" comes in between a word, then it should be pronounced normally.

For Example:

The word "Party" should be pronounced as "Pharty".

The word "Park" should be pronounced as "Phark".

The word "Picnic" should be pronounced as "Phicnic".

List of Exclamations

2009-11-13T14:23:00.000-08:00

Amaze:(Verb)

It should be pronounced as "u'meyz".

Which means 'Affect with wonder'.

Sen:

Your ability to speak six languages amazes me!

Incredible:(Adjective)

It should be pronounced as "in'kredubul".

Which means "Beyond belief or understanding".

Sen:

The book's plot is simply incredible.

At incredible speed.

Tire Vs. Tier Vs. Tyre

2009-11-13T14:04:00.000-08:00

Tire:(Verb)

(It should be pronounced as 'tI(u)r'.)

1. You must learn grammar intuitively.

2. Lose interest or become bored with something or somebody

Sen:

I'm so tired of your mother and her complaints about my food.

Tire or Tyre (American):(Noun)

(It should be pronounced as 'tI(u)r'.)

Hoop that covers a wheel.

Sen:

Automobile tires are usually made of rubber and filled with compressed air.

Tier:(Noun)

(It should be pronounced as 'teeu' in 'British' and 'teer' in 'American'.)

Which means 'One of two or more layers one atop another.'

Sen:

A three-tier wedding cake.

List of Adverbs

2009-11-13T13:52:00.000-08:00

Intuitively:

It should be pronounced as 'in't(y)ooitivlee'.

It means 'అవలీలగా'.

Example Sentence:

He understood it intuitively. = అవలీలగాగ్రహించినాడు. / చూడగానే తెలుసుకున్నాడు.

You must not learn English grammar by studying the rules. You must learn grammar intuitively.

Few Vs. A few

2009-11-13T13:34:00.000-08:00

Few:

Hardly any

A few:

More than one but indefinitely small in number.

For Example:

a few roses.

That is what I remember. If there are any corrections can you go ahead and let me know.

Abbreviations - Full Forms

2009-11-13T13:25:00.001-08:00

P.S = Post Script or Post Scrip tum (in Latin)

P.P.S = Post Post Script.

Embarrass Vs. Embrace

2009-11-13T13:13:00.001-08:00

Embarrass:

It should be pronounced as 'em'barus'.

It generally means 'Cause to feel self-conscious'. or

To 'Hinder or prevent the progress or accomplishment of'.

(సంకటపడే, యిబ్బందిపడ్డ,కలతబడ్డ, చీకాకుపడ్డ)

Example Sentence:

Do you feel embarrassed when you speak English?

Embrace:

It should be pronounced as 'em'breys'.

It generally means to 'Squeeze (someone) tightly in your arms, usually with fondness'. (కౌగిలి)

Noun

2009-11-11T10:23:00.000-08:00

Kinds of Noun:

1. Common Nouns:

Common nouns are:

a. Names of People (ex. man, woman, girl, boy, kid, child.,)

b. Names of Things (ex. books, table, chair, glass.,)

c. Names of Animals (ex. monkey, cat, dog, tiger, lion .,)

d. Names of Places (ex. church, temple, town, city, country, village .,)

Common noun begins with a small letter.

Common nouns are countable.

2. Proper Nouns:

Proper nouns are:

a. Special Names of People (ex: George Bush, Indira Gandhi, Rakesh, Ranjan .,)

b. Special Names of Things (ex: Financial Times, Eenadu, Titan .,)

c. Special Names of Animals (ex: King Kong, Puppy .,)

d. Special Names of Places (ex: Paris, Andhra Pradesh, Vijayawada .,)

A proper noun begins with a capital letter.

3. Abstract Noun:

An abstract noun is the name of something that we can think of or feel but cannot see, taste, touch, hear or smell.

Ex:

Friendship, love, hate, affection, beauty, pleasure, revenge, communication, thoughtful, fairness, annoyance, skill, loyalty, creativity, freedom, courage, nature, loneliness, wisdom, honesty etc.,

A brief List of Abstract Nouns:

Abstract Nouns	Meaning	Telugu Meaning
Adoration	A feeling of profound love and admiration	పూజ, అర్చన
Artistry	A person whose creative work shows sensitivity and imagination
Belief	Any cognitive content held as true	నమ్మకం
Bravery	A quality of spirit that enables you to face danger or pain without showing fear	ధైర్యం, శౌర్యం, వీర్యం
Calm	Steadiness of mind under stress	నిశబ్దం
Charity	A kindly and lenient attitude toward people	దయ, కరుణ
Childhood	The time of person's life when they are a child	బాల్యము
Comfort	A state of being relaxed and feeling no pain	సౌకర్యము
Compassion	A deep awareness of and sympathy for another's suffering	కనికరము, జాలి
Dexterity	Adroitness in using the hands	నేర్పు
Ego	An inflated feeling of pride in your superiority to others	అహం
Failure	An act that fails	ఓటమి
Faith	Complete confidence in a person or plan etc	విశ్వాసము
Feelings	Emotional or moral sensitivity (especially in relation to personal principles or dignity)
Friendship	The state of being friends (or friendly)	స్నేహము
Happiness	Emotions experienced when in a state of well-being	ఆనందము
Hate	The emotion of intense dislike; a feeling of dislike so strong that it demands action	అసహ్యము
Honesty	The quality of being honest	నిజాయితి
Hope	The general feeling that some desire will be fulfilled	ఆశ
Idea	An approximate calculation of quantity or degree or worth	అభిప్రాయము
Impression	A vague idea in which some confidence is placed
Infatuation	Temporary love of an adolescent	బుద్ధిహీనత
Joy	The emotion of great happiness	సంతోషము
Law	The collection of rules imposed by authority
Liberty	Freedom of choice	స్వతంత్రము, స్వేచ్ఛ
Love	A strong positive emotion of regard and affection	ప్రేమ
Loyalty	The act of binding yourself (intellectually or emotionally) to a course of action	రాజ భక్తి
Maturity	State of being mature; full development
Memory	Something that is remembered	జ్ఞాపకము
Omen	A sign of something about to happen	శకునము
Peace	The absence of mental stress or anxiety	శాంతి
Pride	Satisfaction with your (or another's) achievements Sen: He takes pride in his son's success.	అహంకారము, గర్వము, మదము, పొగరు
Principle	A basic truth or law or assumption Sen: The principles of democracy.	మూల సూత్రము
Power	Possession of controlling influence Sen: He power of his love saved her.	శక్తి, బలము, అధికారము, ప్రభుత్వము
Redemption	(theology) the act of delivering from sin or saving from evil	ముక్తి
Romance	An exciting and mysterious quality
Sadness	Emotions experienced when not in a state of well-being	దుఃఖము
Sensitivity	Sensitivity to emotional feelings (of self and others)
Skill	An ability that has been acquired by training	సామర్ధ్యము, నేర్పు, ప్రజ్ఞ
Sleep	A period of time spent sleeping	నిద్ర
Success	An event that accomplishes its intended purpose	విజయము, కార్య సిద్ధి
Sympathy	An inclination to support or be loyal to or to agree with an opinion Sen: His sympathies were always with the underdog	జాలి, కరుణ
Talent	Natural abilities or qualities	సామర్ధ్యము, నేర్పు, ప్రజ్ఞ
Thrill	Something that causes you to experience a sudden intense feeling or sensation
Truth	Conformity to reality or actuality	నిజము, యథార్థము, సత్యము, వాస్తవము
Wit	A message whose ingenuity or verbal skill or incongruity has the power to evoke laughter	చమత్కారము

Abstract nouns are uncountables.

4. Collective Nouns:

Collective nouns are names used for:

A number of people,

A number of things,

A group of animals

together and treated as one.

Ex:

A group of friends, a bunch of bananas, a litter of puppies.

A list of Collective Nouns

People:

Collective Nouns	Picture
An army of soldiers
A bevy of beauties / girls Bevy = a large gathering of people of a particular type.
A band of musicians Band = a group of musicians playing popular music for dancing.
A band of robbers Band = an unofficial association of people or groups.
A board of directors Board = a committee having supervisory powers.
A body of men Body = a group of persons associated by some common tie or occupation and regarded as an entity.
A bunch of crooks Bunch = an informal body of friends
A caravan of gypsies Caravan = a procession (of wagons or mules or camels) travelling together in single file.
A choir of singers Choir (kwIr) = a chorus that sings a part of ceremony.
A class of pupils
A class of students
A company of actors
A company of soldiers
A congregation of worshippers Congregation = a group of people who have adhere to a common faith and habitually attend a given church.
A crew of sailors Crew = the men and women who man a vehicle (ship, aircraft etc.,)
A crowd of spectators Crowd = a large number of things or people considered together.
A crowd of people
A dynasty of kings Dynasty = a sequence of powerful leaders in the same family.
A galaxy of beautiful women Galaxy = a splendid assemblage especially of famous people.
A galaxy of film stars
A gang of crooks Gang = an association of criminals.
A gang of labourers Gang = an organized group of workmen.
A gang of prisoners Gang = an association of criminals.
A gang of robbers Gang = an informal body of friends
A gang of thieves Gang = an informal body of friends
A horde of savages Horde (hord) = a vast multitude or a moving crowd. Savage = a member of an uncivilized people.
A host of angels Host = a vast multitude.
A line of kings or rulers Line = a formation of people or things one beside another.
A mob of rioters
A group of dancers
A group of singers
A pack of rascals Pack = a large indefinite number Rascal = one who is playfully mischievous.
A pack of thieves
A party of friends
A patrol of policemen Patrol = the activity of going around or through an area at regular intervals for security purposes.
A posse of policemen Posse = a temporary police force.
A regiment of soldiers Regiment = army unit smaller than a division.
A staff of employees
A staff of servants
A staff of teachers
A team of players
A tribe of natives Tribe = Group of people related to blood or marriage.
A troop of scouts Troop = a group of soldiers. Scout = a person employed to keep watch for some anticipated event.
A troupe of artists Troupe = organization of performers and associated personnel (especially theatrical)
A troupe of dancers
A troupe of performers

'Think of' Vs. 'Think about'

2009-11-11T10:12:00.000-08:00

Think of:

1)Keep in mind for attention or consideration.
Ex: Think of the starving children in India!

2)Take into consideration, have in view.

3)Look on as or consider.
Ex: He thinks of himself as a brilliant musician.

4)Inten to refer to.
Ex: I'm thinking of good food when I talk about France.

5)Devise or invent.
Ex: No-one had ever thought of such a clever piece of software.

6)Choose in one's mind.
Ex: Think of any integer between 1 and 25.

Think about:

1)Have on one's mind, think about actively.
Ex: a) I'm thinking about my friends abroad.
b) She always thinks about her children first.

2)Take into consideration, have in view.

Think up:

1)Devise or invent
Ex: He thought up a plan to get rice quickly.

Think out:

1)Consider carefully and rationally.
Ex: Every detail has been thought out.

Think back:

1)Recapture the past; indulge in memories.

Think factory:

1)A company that does research for hire and issues reports on the implications.

Think piece:

1)An article in a newspaper or magazine or journal that represents opinions and ideas and discussion rather than bare facts.

Think tank:

1)A company that does research for hire and issues reports on the implications.

Think the world of:

1)Esteem very highly.
Ex: She thinks the world of her adviser.

Think twice:

1)Consider and reconsider carefully.
Ex: Think twice before you have a child.

List of Genders

2009-11-09T11:47:00.000-08:00

Masculine	Faminine
Actor	Actress
Author	Authoress
Bachelor	Spinster
Boy	Girl
Boy Scout	Girl Guide
Brave	Squaw
Bridegroom	Bride
Brother	Sister
Conductor	Conductress
Count	Countess
Czar	Czarina
Dad	Mom
Daddy	Mummy
Duke	Duchess
Emperor	Empress
Father	Mother
Father-in-law	Mother-in-law
Fiance	Fiancee
Gentleman	Lady
Gaint	Gaintess
God	Goddess
Governor	Matron
Grandfather	Grandmother
Headmaster	Headmistress
Heir	Heiress
Hero	Heroine
Host	Hostess
Hunter	Huntress
Husband	Wife
King	Queen
Lad	Lass
Landlord	Landlady
Lord	Lady
Man	Woman
Manager	Manageress
Manservant	Maidservant
Master	Mistress
Mayor	Mayoress
Milkman	Milkmaid
Millionaire	Millionairess
Monitor	Monitrice
Monk	Nun
Murderer	Murderess
Negro	Negress
Nephew	Niece
Papa	Mama
Poet	Poetess
Postman	Postwoman
Postmaster	Postmistress
Priest	Priestess
Prince	Princess
Prophet	Prophetess
Proprietor	Proprietress
Protector	Protectress
Shepherd	Shepherdess
Sir	Madam
Son	Daughter
Son-in-law	Daughter-in-law
Step-father	Step-mother
Step-son	Step-mother
Steward	Stewardess
Sultan	Sultana
Tailor	Tailoress
Uncle	Aunt
Waiter	Waitress
Washerman	Washerwoman
Widower	Widow
Wizard	Witch

Say Vs. Tell

2009-11-09T10:04:00.000-08:00

Say and Tell have similar meanings. They both mean to communicate verbally with someone. But we often use them differently.

The simple way to think of say and tell is:

You say something.

You tell someone something.

You Say Something	You Tell Someone Something
Ram said that he was tired	Ram told Jane that he was tired
Anthony says you have a new job.	Anthony tells me you have a new job.
Tara said: "I love you."	Tara told John that she loved him.

But, of course, it is not always so easy. Here are a few rules to help you.

Personal Object(the person that we are speaking to):

We usually follow tell with a personal object. We usually use say without a personal object.

She told me that she loved John.

She said that she loved John.

He told everybody that he had to leave.

He said that he had to leave.

Say "to someone":

With say, we sometimes use "to someone":

He said to me that he was tired.

Tara said to Ram that he had done very well.

Anthony said to her, "I hope you can come soon."

"I'd like to sleep," she said to him quietly.

Direct Speech:

We can use say with direct speech. We use tell only with direct speech that is an instruction or information:

Amanda said, "Hello John. How are you?"

"That's great" she said.

He told her: "Open the door quietly."

She told me, "I have never been to England."

We can use say with direct questions, but we cannot use tell:

She said: "Do you love me?"

The policeman said to the prisoner, "Where were you at 8 p.m?"

Reported Speech:

We can use say and tell to talk about reported information:

She said that it was raining.

She told me that she would call at 2 p.m.

We cannot use say or tell about reported questions. We must use ask (or a similar verb):

She asked if I had ever been there.

They asked what I wanted to eat.

She asked where he lived.

He asked if she wanted to go home.

Orders, advice:

We use tell + object + infinitive for orders or advice:

She told him to sit down.

They told me not to wait.

Tell Neil to have a holiday and forget her.

Phrases:

Here are a few fixed phrases with tell. We cannot use say with these phrases:

tell (someone) a story

tell (someone) a lie

tell (someone) the truth

tell the future (= to know what the future will bring)

tell the time (= know how to read a clock)

Right or Wrong:

Read these examples of correct and incorrect usage:

We Cannot	These are Not possible	These are possible
say someone to do something:	Tara said Jo to go away.	Tara told Jo to go away.
say someone something:	Panita said me that she was hungry.	Panita told me that she was hungry.
tell something:	He told that he likes coffee.	He said that he likes coffee.
tell to someone:	He told to me that she was coming.	He told to that she was coming. or She said to me that she was coming.
say a lie:	Siri always says lies.	Siri always tells lies.
tell "somebody direct speech" (except instructions and informations):	Ram told Sam: "Let's turn on the T.V."	Ram said to Sam: "Let's turn on the T.V." or Ram told Sam, "Turn on the T.V."
say or tell a Reported Question:	She said if I wanted to come.	She asked if I wanted to come.
	He told what I wanted to do.	He asked what I wanted to do.

Price Vs. Prise

2009-11-09T09:54:00.000-08:00

Price means 'the value to buy goods and services'.

Prise or Prize (Britain) means 'Something given as a token of victory'.

Cost Vs. Price

2009-11-09T09:40:00.000-08:00

Many people use the term 'Cost' for 'Price'. The meaning is different for these two words.

Cost = The total amount ("Money" + "Time" + "labour") spent to make or manufacture the goods and services. But it does not include profit.

Whereas:

Price = Cost + Profit.

This is what I remember when I was doing my MBA.

In the similar way, there is a difference between 'Buy' and 'Purchase' too. But I forgot the difference. Can anyone of you help me in this respect?

Spectators Vs. Audience

2009-11-08T09:05:00.000-08:00

Spectators (N) : A close observer; someone who looks at something (such as an exhibition of some kind)

Audience (N) : A gathering of spectators or listeners at a (usually public) performance

Spectators look, an audience hears:

Strictly speaking spectators usually come to see something. They come to see an event, a spectacle.

The people who go to see a sporting event like a football game, a boxing bout or a cricket match are called spectators. Usually in such events the focus is on what you see rather than what you hear.

If you are walking along the road and you see two of your favorite stars shooting for a film, then you would be spectator. But when you go to the cinema hall and watch the film which you saw while it was being made, then you become part of the audience.

The word audience is related to the word audio. You are at a specific event to listen to something. An audience is an assembly of hearers. People who are part of the audience listen to or watch a performance. When you go to a music concert, a play or a movie, you are part of an audience.

It is interesting that when you go to the stadium to see a cricket match, you are a spectator, but when you watch the same match on television, you are part of the audience.

As you know, there is an exception to every rule. Readers are usually associated with the word audience - although reading has more to do with seeing rather than hearing. This could be because in the old days not many people knew how to read or write. The illiterates had to be read to - they had to listen to other people reading aloud.

Till Vs. Until

2009-11-08T08:56:00.000-08:00

There is no much difference between these two. But ‘Until’ is more formal and ‘Till’ is perfectly good English. Whether to use ‘Till’ or ‘Until’ is often decided by the rhythm of the sentence.

Never Vs. Ever

2009-11-08T08:04:00.000-08:00

Never:

1) Not ever; at no time in the past or future.

Sen:

I have never been to China.

I shall never forget this day.

I had never seen a circus.

Never on Sunday.

I will never marry you.

2) Not at all; certainly not; not in any circumstances.

Sen:

Never Fear.

Bringing up children is never easy.

That will never do.

What is morally wrong can never be politically right.

Ever:

1) At any time.

Sen:

Did you ever smoke?

2) At all times; all the time and on every occasion.

Sen:

Ever hoping to strike it rich.

Ever Busy.

3) (Intensifier for adjectives) Very.

Sen:

She was ever so friendly.

Never Vs. Ever:

Don't ever stop chewing.
Never stop chewing.

He never goes to school late.
He doesn't ever goes to school late.

Have you ever seen her like that?
I have never seen her like that.

He looks better than ever. (=He has never looked better than he looks now.)

The price of gas is higher than it has ever been. (=The price of gas has never been higher.

That is the worst movie I have ever seen. (=I have never seen a worst movie like that.)

This is the most interesting course I have ever attended. (= I have never attended a more interesting course.)

Ever:

1) at all times; always.

2) at any time "Have you ever been to Europe?"

3) in any way; at all

4) to a great extent or degree. "Was she ever mad?"

Never:

1) not ever; on no occasion; at no time.

Ex:

He had never been there before.

You never can be sure.

2) not at all; in no way; absolutely not;

Ex:

Never fear.

Never give up.

That will never do.

Never means "at no point in time". The meaning of "no" and "ever" is that something is not ever going to happen.

Example Conversation:

Dave: Have you traveled a lot, Jane?

Jane: Yes, I have in 47 different countries.

Dave: Really? Have you ever been to China?

Jane: Yes, I've visited China twice.

Dave: What about India?

Jane: No, I've never been to India.

When we talk about a period of time that continues up to present, we use the present perfect. Jane and Dave are talking about the places Jane has visited in her life (which is a period continuing up to the present).

We often use ever and never with the present perfect.

Have you ever eaten tortilla?
We have never eaten tortilla?

Use the present perfect to say that you have never done something or that you haven't done something during a period of time that continues up to the present.

I have never smoked.

Jill has never driven a car.

Parent & Young

2009-11-06T12:46:00.000-08:00

Adult	Name In Telugu	Young
Ant	Cheema	Grub
Bear	Eluka Banti	Cub
Bee	Thene Teega	Grub
Beetle	Peda Purugu	Grub
Bird	Pakshi	Fledgling / Nestling
Buffalo	Dunnapotu	Calf
Butterfly	Sita Koka Chiluka	Caterpillar
Camel	Onte	Calf
Cat	Pilli	Kitten
Cockroach	Boddimka	Nymph
Cow	Aavu	Calf
Deer	Jinka	Fawn
Dog	Kukka	Puppy
Dragonfly	Teneega	Nymph
Duck	Baathu	Duckling
Eagle	Gadda	Eaglet
Eel		Elver
Elephant	Yenugu	Calf
Fox	Nakka	Cub
Frog	Kappa	Tadpole
Giraffe		Calf
Goat	Meeka	Kid
Goose		Gosling
Grasshopper	Oka Rakam Midata	Nymph
Grouse		Poult, Cheeper
Hen	Koodi	Chick
Hippopotamus		Calf
Horse	Gurram	Foal
Housefly / Fly	Eega	Maggot
Kangaroo		Joey
King		Prince, Princess
Leopard / Cheeta	Chiruta Puli	Cub
Lion	Simham	Cub
Man		Baby / Child
Mosquito	Doma	Wriggler
Moth		Caterpillar
Ostrich		Chick
Owl	Godlagooba	Owlet
Oyster	Natha Gulla	Spat
Partridge		Poult
Pheasant		Poult
Pig	Pandi	Piglet
Pigeon	Pavuram	Squab
Rat	Yeluka	Pup
Rhinoceros		Calf
Seal		Pup
Shark	Sora Chepa	Cub
Sheep		Lamb
Swan	Hamsa	Cygnet
Toad (Any of various tailless stout-bodied amphibians with long hind limbs for leaping; semi aquatic and terrestrial species)		Tadpole
Tiger	Puli	Cub
Trout		Fry
Turkey		Poult
Turtle		Hatchling
Whale		Calf
Wolf	Todelu	Cub
Zebra		Foal
Parrot	Chiluka
Sparrow	Pichuka
Crow	Kaaki

Forms Of The Verb

2009-11-05T11:29:00.000-08:00

Present Tense	Past Tense	Past Participle
Arise	Arose	Arisen
Awake	Awoke	Awaken

Be	Was / Were	Been
Bear	Bore	Born, Borne
Beat	Beat	Beaten
Become	Became	Become
Begin	Began	Begun
Bend	Bent	Bent
Bet	Bet	Bet
Bid	Bid / Bade	Bid / Bade
Bind	Bound	Bound
Bite	Bit	Bitten
Bleed	Bled	Bled
Blow	Blew	Blown
Break	Broke	Broken
Breed	Bred	Bred
Bring	Brought	Brought
Broadcast	Broadcast	Broadcast
Build	Built	Built
Burn	Burned / Burnt	Burned / Burnt
Burst	Burst	Burst
Buy	Bought	Bought

Cast	Cast	Cast
Catch	Caught	Caught
Choose	Chose	Choosen
Cling	Clung	Clung
Come	Came	Come
Cost	Cost	Cost
Creep	Crept	Crept
Cut	Cut	Cut

Deal	Dealt	Dealt
Dig	Dug	Dug
Dive	Dived / Dove	Dived
Do	Did	Done
Draw	Drew	Drawn
Dream	Dreamed / Dreamt	Dreamed / Dreamt
Drink	Drank	Drunk
Drive	Drove	Driven
Dwell	Dwelt	Dwelt

Eat	Ate	Eaten

Fall	Fell	Fallen
Feed	Fed	Fed
Feel	Felt	Felt
Fight	Fought	Fought
Find	Found	Found
Fit	Fitted / Fit	Fit
Flee	Fled	Fled
Fling	Flung	Flung
Flow	Flowed	Flowed
Fly	Flew	Flown
Forbid	Forbade	Forbidden
Forecast	Forecast / Forecasted	Forecast / Forcasted
Forget	Forgot	Forgotten
Forgive	Forgave	Forgiven
Forego / Forgo	Forewent	Foregone
Forsake	Forsook	Forsaken
Freeze	Froze	Frozen

Get	Got	Got
Give	Gave	Given
Go	Went	Gone
Grab	Grabbed	Grabbed
Grind	Ground	Ground
Grow	Grew	Grown

Hang	Hung	Hung
Hang (Kill)	Hanged	Hanged
Have	Had	Had
Hear	Heard	heard
Hide	Hid	Hidden
Hit	Hit	Hit
Hold	Held	Held
Hurt	Hurt	Hurt
Keep	Kept	Kept
Kneel	Knelt	Knelt
Knit	Knitted	Knitted
Know	Knew	Known

Lay	Laid	Laid
Lead	Led	Led
Lean	Leaned / Leant	Lean / Leant
Leap	Leapt	Leapt
Learn	Learned / Learnt	Learned/ Learnt
Leave	Left	Left
Lend	Lent	Lent
Lie	Lay	Lain
Light	Lighted / Lit	Lighted / Lit
Lose		Lost

Make	Made	Made
Mean	Meant	Meant
Meet	Met	Met
Misspell	Misspelled / Misspelt	Misspelled / Misspelt
Mistake	Mistook	Mistaken
Mow	Mowed	Mowed / Mown

Overcome	Overcame	Overcome
Overdo	Overdid	Overdone
Overtake	Overtook	Overtaken
Overthrow	Overthrew	Overthrown

Pay	Paid	Paid
Plead	Pleaded / Pled	Pleaded / Pled
Prove	Proved	Proved / Proven
Put	Put	Put
Quit	Quitted / Quit	Quitted / Quit

Read	Read	Read
Rid	Rid / Ridded	Rid
Ride	Rode	Ridden
Ring	Rang	Rung
Rise	Rose	Risen
Run	Ran	Run

Saw	Sawed	Sawn
Say	Said	Said
See	Saw	Seen
Seek	Sought	Sought
Sell	Sold	Sold
Send	Sent	Sent
Set	Set	Set
Sew	Sewed	Sewn
Shake	Shook	Shaken
Shave	Shaved	Shaved / Shaven
Shear	Sheared	Sheared / Shorn
Shed	Shed	Shed
Shine	Shone	Shone
Shoe	Shod	Shod
Shoot	Shot	Shot
Show	Showed	Shown
Shrink	Shrank	Shrunk
Shut	Shut	Shut
Sing	Sang	Sung
Sink	Sank	Sunk
Sit	Sat	Sat
Sleep	Slept	Slept
Sling	Slung	Slung
Slit	Slit	Slit
Smell	Smelled / Smelt	Smelled / Smelt
Smite	Smote	Smitten
Sow	Sowed	Sown
Speak	Spoke	Spoken
Speed	Speeded / Sped	Speeded / Sped
Spell	Spelled / Spelt	Spelled / Spelt
Spend	Spent	Spent
Spill	Spilled / Spilt	Spilled / Spilt
Spoil	Spoiled / Spoilt	Spoiled / Spoilt
Spread	Spread	Spread
Spring	Sprang	Sprung
Stand	Stood	Stood
Steal	Stole	Stolen
Stick	Stuck	Stuck
Sting	Stung	Stung
Stink	Stank	Stunk
Stride	Strode	Stridden
Strike	Struck	Struck
String	Strung	Strung
Strive	Strove	Striven
Swear	Swore	Sworn
Sweep	Swept	Swept
Swell	Swelled	Swollen
Swim	Swam	Swum
Swing	Swung	Swung

Take	Took	Taken
Teach	Taught	Taught
Tear	Tore	Torn
Tell	Told	Told
Think	Thought	Thought
Thrive	Thrived / Throve	Thrived
Throw	Threw	Thrown
Thrust	Thrust	Thrust
Tread	Trod	Troden

Understand	Understood	Understood
Uphold	Upheld	Upheld
Upset	Upset	Upset

Wake	Woke	Woken / Waked
Wear	Wore	Worn
Weave	Wove	Woven
Wed	Wed / Wedded	Wed / Wedded
Weep	Wept	Wept
Win	Won	Won
Wind	Wound	Wound
Withhold	Withheld	Withheld
Withstand	Withstood	Withstood
Wring	Wrung	Wrung
Write	Wrote	Written

A Bad Penny Always Turns Up

2009-11-05T11:11:00.000-08:00

Possible Interpretation:

Nasty or bad people have a habit of showing up or returning.

Vocabulary:

Penny (Noun): Coin of small value (one hundredth of a British pound or one hundredth of a US dollar.)

Turn Up(verb): be found (especially by chance); appear; arrive

Bad Penny: Literally means a bent penny, but in this saying it figuratively means a bad person.

Sentence:

If 'a bad penny always turns up", a bad person always reappears.

Next

Above Board

2009-11-05T10:54:00.000-08:00

Meaning:

If something is above board, it's been done in legal and honest way.

For Example:

1) I'm sure the deal was completely above board as I know James well and he would never do anything illegal or corrupt.

2) The minister claimed all the appointments were above board and denied claims that some positions had been given to his friends.

3) The government officials are being investigated for corruption. If everything they have done had been above board, they will have nothing to worry about.

Origin:

Possibly derived from card playing and the fact that card players who keep their hands above the table (or above "the board") can be seen to be playing honestly, without cheating.

Next

Do Vs. Make

2009-11-05T10:04:00.000-08:00

Do:

Do can be an auxiliary verb.

Ex:

Do you like coffee?

Do can be a main verb.

I did my homework yesterday.

As an auxiliary verb it has no meaning. It is necessary for the grammatical structure.

As a main verb it has a meaning. But the meaning is rather general. It often expresses a general activity.

Do for general activity:

When we talk about general activity but do not say what it is, we can use do.

Ex:

I want to do something.

What are you doing this evening?

What can we do?

Do it now!

Do for work:

We usually use do to talk about work.

Ex:

What do you do? (=What is your job?)

Who does your shopping?

I don't want to do any work today.

I hate doing the washing up.

Have you done your homework>

Note:

We sometimes use doto replace another more exact verb (but only when the meaning is clear from the situation). This is very informal.

Make:

Make is used for construction. Make often expresses the idea of construction or creation.

Ex:

I'll make a cake for his birthday.

This car was made in France.

Did you make this table yourself?

Note:

Remember that we usually use makefor products or goods that are manufactured. That's why we use labels like "Made in Hong-Kong", or "Made in China" on products that we buy.

Now Compare:

Do the shopping. (We don't really create anything. We just "do" an activity.)

Make a cake. (We really create something.)

I must make his cake. I'll donow.

Expressions with Do:

do good

do harm

do well

do badly

do a favour

do business

Expressions with Make:

make an attempt

make a bed (usually this means "tidy the bed clothes". But it could mean "manufacture the furniture".)

make a change/ make changes

make a compliant

make a decision

make a demand

make an effort

make an exception

make an excuse

make a loss

make love

make a mistake

make money

make a noise

make an offer

make peace

Dictionary Vs. Thesaurus

2009-09-30T12:12:00.000-07:00

Dictionary:

A dictionary tells you what a word means. It gives you a "definition" for each word. When you want to know what a word means, you look in a dictionary.

A dictionary lists definitions or meanings.

Thesaurus:

A thesaurus gives you words that mean the same as, or nearly the same as, another word. When you can't find the exact word you want, you look in a thesaurus.

A thesaurus lists synonyms and similar words.

The plural of "thesaurus" is "thesauri" or "thesauruses".

Precipitation Vs. Perspiration

2009-09-30T12:07:00.000-07:00

Precipitation(N) :

The quantity of water falling to earth at a specific place within a specified period of time.

The storm brought several inches of precipitation.

Perspiration (N) :

Salty fluid secreted by sweat glands.

Childish Vs. Chidlike

2009-09-30T11:53:00.000-07:00

Childlike:

An innocent behaviour, like a child's (of qualities, actions etc.,)

Usage:

We use this almost always in a good sense, with reference to the innocence, meekness etc., of children.

Childlike is usually used of adults, meaning they are "innocent, trusting, or uncomplicated," like children at their best.

Childish:

An adult behaving like a child, which is inappropriate.

Usage:

Childish, when used of children, underscores their immaturity and other youthful qualities;

When used of adults, childish is pejorative, meaning "immature, unreasonable, foolish, or fretful." Childishness is frequently cited as an unfortunate symptom of senility.

English Proverbs & Quotations

2008-02-11T12:09:00.000-08:00

"Love your Work. Then Everyday is a Holiday"

"There is no wrong time for doing a right thing."

"Distance make the heart grow fonder."

"Where there is will... There is a way"

"Talk Less. Work More."

"People makes Mistakes ... So, Pensils have Errasors."

"Necessity is the mother of invention."

"Rome was not built in a day."

"Distant Hills are Greener."

"Adversity is the touch-stone of Character."

"A sticth in time saves nine."

"Honesty is the Best Policy."

"Better Late... Than Never."

"Haste Makes Waste."

"Slow And Study Wins The Race."

"The Harder You Work... The Faster You Succeed."

"Attitude Is A Little Thing That Makes A Big Difference."

"Don't Worry... Be Happy."

"Fortune Favours The Brave."

"An idle's man brain is the devil's workshop."

"Never Give Up."

"Known Devil is better than an Unknown Angel."

"Talk Less ... Work More."

"Where there is a will there is a way."

"Empty Vessels Makes Much Noise."

"The harder you work... The faster your succeed."

"Absence makes the heart grow fonder."

"Actions speak louder than words."

"All is fair in love and war."

"All roads lead to rome."

"Bad news travels fast."

"A bad workman blames his tools."

"Beauty is only skin deep."

"Beggers can't be choosers."

"Better safe than sorry."

"Birds of a feather flock together."

"Blind leading the blind."

"Blood is thicker than water."

"Children and fools speak the truth."

"Cleanliness is next to godliness."

"Curiosity killed the cat."

"Do as I say, not as I do."

"Early to bed, Early to rise makes one healthy, wealthy and wise."

"Easier said than done."

"Easy come, Easy go."

"Enough is as good as a feast."

"Every cloud has a silver lining."

"Every dog has its own day."

"Eye for an eye and Tooth for a tooth."

"Eyes are bigger than one's stomach."

"Give (somebody) an inch and they will take a mile."

"Jump out of the frying pan and into the fire."

"A littly knowledge is a dangerous thing."

"Money doesnot grow on trees."

"Money is root of all evil."

"More haste, less speed."

"The more the merrier."

"Necessity is the mother of invention."

"Never look a gift horse in the mouth."

"No news is good news."

"No smoke without fire."

"No time like the present."

"No use crying over spilled/spilt milk."

"A nod is as good as a wink to a blind man."

"Nothing is sacred."

"Nothing succeeds like success."

"Nothing Ventured, Nothing Gained."

"Old habits die hard."

"Once bitten, twice shy."

"One good turn deserves another."

"One man's meat is another man's poison."

"One man's trash is another man's tressure."

"Out of sight, Out of mind."

"Pen is mighter than the sword."

"A penny saved is a penny earned."